Drone Surveying Methods
Understanding different drone surveying methodologies and when to use each.
Overview
Drone surveying uses unmanned aircraft to capture data for mapping and measurement. The two primary methods—photogrammetry and LiDAR—each have strengths suited to different applications.
Photogrammetry Method
Photogrammetry uses overlapping photos to create 3D models and maps.
- Best for: Construction, roof inspection, stockpiles
- Accuracy: 1-5cm with RTK and GCPs
- Output: Orthomosaics, DEMs, 3D meshes
- Pros: Lower cost, color imagery, wide adoption
- Cons: Needs good lighting, cannot penetrate vegetation
LiDAR Method
LiDAR directly measures distances using laser pulses.
- Best for: Topographic mapping, forestry, corridors
- Accuracy: 2-5cm vertical
- Output: Point clouds, DEMs, contours
- Pros: Works in any light, penetrates vegetation
- Cons: Higher cost, no inherent color
Ground Control
Ground control points (GCPs) provide known coordinates that tie drone data to real-world positions. RTK/PPK drones can reduce GCP requirements but don't eliminate the need for quality control checkpoints.
Choosing a Method
Method selection depends on project requirements. Construction progress monitoring typically uses photogrammetry. Topographic surveys under tree canopy require LiDAR. Many projects benefit from combining both methods.
Key Takeaways
Photogrammetry suits construction, roofs, and visual documentation
LiDAR excels for topographic mapping and vegetated areas
Ground control enables survey-grade accuracy
Many projects benefit from combining both methods
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